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The village name of Harmondsworth comes from 'Heremod's enclosure. Harmondsworth Manor was granted to the Abbey of Rouen in 1069 by William the Conqueror and a priory cell established in the village. Harmondsworth became an important staging post along the route from London to the west. In 1838 the Great Western Railway opened but Harmondsworth remained largely rural until the 1940s and the building of Heathrow Airport. The C12th church stands on Harmondsworth Village Green. The churchyard has C18th and early C19th tombstones; Harmondsworth Burial Ground was established by the Burial Board on land adjacent to the churchyard in 1905.
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There has probably been a church at Hayes since the C9th and St Mary's was at the centre of the old village, near the Manor House. There are remnants of the medieval building although the church was restored in 1873. The churchyard retains its rural character and fields separate it from the main road. Well-planted with ancient yews, lime trees and specimen conifers, particularly at the boundaries, it is maintained with rough grass and wild flowers. There is a good collection of tombs from the C18th as well as old wooden graveboards and a C16th lych gate.
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Harefield's parish church of St Mary has remnants of the medieval building, although it was altered in 1768 and restored in 1841. It contains numerous fine memorials, such as those to the Newdigate family who held the Manor of Harefield from the C14th. The old manor house used to stand near the church but was demolished in 1814. The setting of the church and its walled churchyard remains rural. In WWI an extension to the churchyard was created as the Australian Military or ANZAC Cemetery and since 1921 an annual ceremony has been held here on 25 April.
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Harlington is referred to in the Domesday Book in 1086 and St Peter and St Paul's Church is the old parish church. Harlington Manor had various owners including Ambrose Coppinger who entertained Queen Elizabeth I here in 1602. The monuments in the churchyard are mainly C19th. A fine old yew tree to the south was the subject of elaborate topiary until 1825 and there is another ancient yew to the north and a yew walk on the west axis. In 1871 an extension of the churchyard was established to the west by Harlington Burial Board.
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* on The National Heritage List for England, Parks & Gardens
Stockley Park is an early business park on a former gravel works and refuse tip near Heathrow. Underpinned by a masterplan by Arup Associates for Stockley plc, the site was developed in phases between 1984 and 1993, the landscape undertaken by Ede Griffiths Partnership working with horticulturalist Charles Funke. The site was once part of a late C17th estate called Dawley Park, of which only a fragment of wall remains. Stockley Park has been praised for its pioneering re-use of contaminated land and was an important collaboration between designers, engineers and landscape architects to create a business park in which design quality was a paramount selling feature. In addition to its business function, the development includes a golf course and public country park with lakes, avenues of lime trees, and other landscape features.
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The public park includes Swakeleys Lake, originally a formal canal within the grounds of the C17th Swakeleys House, now serpentine. The house remains in private ownership and remnants of the earlier landscape remain in its grounds, while the land to the west of the lake and east of the River Pinn is publicly accessible. There are fine trees and a grassy path on the east side of the lake, which provides views of the house, dovecotes and entrance gates. The lake has wooded edges and is well-populated by wild fowl.
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The Grove Nature Reserve was once the garden of The Grove, a large house on the edge of Hillingdon Village. Its central feature is a sequence of ponds, two small and one large, which run through the reserve. The site was reduced in size in the 1980s when housing development encroached to the north. Woodland contains oak, ash and sycamore with some pine and larch as remnants of the garden planting. It is managed by the London Wildlife Trust.
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Once the site of a private house with a formal garden and walled kitchen garden, it was later given to Hayes & Harlington UDC and in 1961 it was established as Hayes Botanic Garden. It was extended in 1990 and renamed The Norman Leddy Memorial Garden in the 1990s, after Hillingdon's former Assistant Director of Parks who died in 1993. The garden has a fine collection of exotic trees and shrubs, with a pond, bog garden and woodland.
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The Old Burial Ground was laid out on the edge of Uxbridge village in 1576, and is now surrounded by busy roads. It closed to burials in 1855 and was made into a public garden. Most of the gravestones were moved to the perimeter with a few chest tombs and gravestones remaining in the grass. A drinking fountain was erected in the garden in 1898, and later a War Memorial,
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In 1934 127.86 acres of former parkland of Harefield Place Estate was purchased by Middlesex County Council; the house was later refurbished as offices in 1983-5. The grounds were partly developed for housing and partly laid out as Uxbridge Golf Course, which opened in the 1940s. The landscape has one or two big standard oak trees remaining, now much altered by typical linear golf course planting of birch and other trees.
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Victoria Lane Burial Ground was established in 1871 by Harlington Burial Board at the same time as the extension to St Peter and St Paul's Churchyard was made. There are railings at the entrance and various monuments, with a number of conifers planted, and a rough path leads from the entrance centrally towards the middle of the cemetery.
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Warrender Park was created on a fragment of the landscape park of High Grove. The Highgrove Estate was inherited by the Warrender family in 1894. In 1935 Miss Eleanor Warrender sold the 4.35-hectare site to Ruislip-Northwood UDP for a recreation area, which was initially named Eastcote Recreation Ground. By the late 1970s it was called Warrender Park after the family. High Grove Nature Reserve has woodland with parkland trees and a pond, possibly a relic from the former garden.