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* on The National Heritage List for England, Parks & Gardens
Kensal Green Cemetery opened in 1833, the first commercial public cemetery to be established in London and built by the General Cemetery Company. The contract for the layout was awarded to John Griffith, with grounds to designs by Richard Forrest, head gardener at Syon Park, and laid out as an informal landscape park with a number of formal features. By 1834 the wall, gateway, lodges and Nonconformist chapel were completed; the C of E chapel was built in 1836-7; the catacombs were built along the north boundary wall. The cemetery was extended by a further 9 hectares in the late C19th and the Crematorium built here in 1939.
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* on The National Heritage List for England, Parks & Gardens
Kensal Green Cemetery opened in 1833, the first commercial public cemetery to be established in London and built by the General Cemetery Company. The contract for the layout was awarded to John Griffith, with grounds to designs by Richard Forrest, head gardener at Syon Park, and laid out as an informal landscape park with a number of formal features. By 1834 the wall, gateway, lodges and Nonconformist chapel were completed; the C of E chapel was built in 1836-7; the catacombs were built along the north boundary wall. The cemetery was extended by a further 9 hectares in the late C19th and the Crematorium built here in 1939.
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* on The National Heritage List for England, Parks & Gardens
Kensington Gardens is the former gardens and park of Kensington Palace, established when William III purchased Nottingham House in 1689, incorporating land from Hyde Park. The westernmost strip is in Kensington & Chelsea and contains Kensington Palace and its gardens. Remnants of the early C18th landscaping designed by Bridgeman and Switzer and subsequently by Kent, include the Broad Walk, Round Pond, Long Water and Serpentine. Some of the built structures remain including the Palace and Orangery. In the later C18th and early C19th the formal layout was progressively softened, leaving largely open areas crossed by paths between entrances and features, and numerous mature trees. The Italian Garden dates from 1860s; the Albert Memorial was built in 1863-72. Among formal gardens around the Palace is the sunken Dutch Garden of 1908-9. The Princess Diana Memorial Playground opened in 2000.
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* on The National Heritage List for England, Parks & Gardens
The royal park is on the former gardens and park of Kensington Palace, established when William III purchased Nottingham House in 1689, incorporating land from Hyde Park. The park is largely in Westminster, the westernmost strip in Kensington & Chelsea contains Kensington Palace and its gardens. There are remnants of the early C18th landscaping of Bridgeman and Switzer and the subsequent layout by William Kent, such as the Broad Walk, Round Pond, Long Water and Serpentine. Some of the built structures remain including the Palace and Orangery. In the later C18th and early C19th the formal layout was progressively softened, leaving largely open areas crossed by paths between entrances and features within the park, and with numerous mature trees. The Italian Garden dates from 1860s; the Albert Memorial built 1863-72. The Princess Diana Memorial Playground opened in 2000.
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* on The National Heritage List for England, Parks & Gardens
The Old Deer Park is a fragment of the land connected to Richmond Palace, named from the hunting park created by James I in 1604. It was an integral part of the royal estate until the mid C19th when a ha-ha was built between the ornamental gardens at Kew and the parkland to the south. A monastery established in 1414 was later the site of George III's Royal Observatory, built in time to observe the Transit of Venus in 1769 and on the original Meridian Line used before Greenwich became the Prime Meridian in 1884, still marked by a number of obelisks. Capability Brown, royal gardener from 1764, created an Arcadian landscape uniting Kew Gardens, Syon Park and the Old Deer Park. Since the C19th the Crown Estate has leased parts of the park for various sports activities and today part is public recreation ground and part leased to private clubs and other organisations.
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* on The National Heritage List for England, Parks & Gardens
Park Square and Park Crescent were built on land that belonged to the Crown and were designed as part of John Nash's original conception for The Regent's Park of 1811. His plan for developing the former royal hunting chase included the 400-acre park, to be surrounded by villas and terraces. There were to be two circuses, one in the park and a south circus with the parish church in the centre where the Crescent is now. Only the southern semi-circle was realised due to financial problems. By 1823 the north half of the circus had been cancelled and replaced by a square, with its north side open to the park. Park Square was built in 1823-25 comprising two parallel terraces facing east and west across the private garden for the use of residents, which was connected to the Park Crescent garden by The Nursemaids' Tunnel under Marylebone Road. Both gardens are well laid out with lawns, numerous fine trees, flower and shrub beds.
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* on The National Heritage List for England, Parks & Gardens
Park Square and Park Crescent were built on land that belonged to the Crown and were designed as part of John Nash's original conception for The Regent's Park of 1811. His plan for developing the former royal hunting chase included the 400-acre park, to be surrounded by villas and terraces. There were to be two circuses, one in the park and a south circus with the parish church in the centre where the Crescent is now. Only the southern semi-circle was realised due to financial problems. By 1823 the north half of the circus had been cancelled and replaced by a square, with its north side open to the park. Park Square was built in 1823-25 comprising two parallel terraces facing east and west across the private garden for the use of residents, which was connected to the Park Crescent garden by The Nursemaids' Tunnel under Marylebone Road. Both gardens are well laid out with lawns, numerous fine trees, flower and shrub beds.
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* on The National Heritage List for England, Parks & Gardens
Although the majority of Regent's Park is in Westminster, a small part is in LB Camden, being the strip to the east of the Broad Walk, which forms the borough boundary. South of Chester Road this wide path passes through a formal Italian Garden, with an informal English Garden to the east, both dating from 1861-64 and restored since 1996. The Regent's Park was laid out between 1812-30 to designs of John Nash as a fashionable estate of fine villas and terraces set in a private landscaped park. Named for the Prince Regent, the land had been part of the Crown Estate since 1539. While details of Nash's plan were much modified, the overall conception was, and remains, his own. Although some areas remain in separate use and ownership, part of the park had been opened to the public in 1835 and today the majority of the park is accessible. During WWI part of the park including the strip to the east was requisitioned by the Ministry of Defence for a military camp and drill ground, restored to public use after the war. See Westminster entry for the majority of the park's features.
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* on The National Heritage List for England, Parks & Gardens
The Regent's Park was laid out between 1812-30 to designs of John Nash as a fashionable estate of fine villas and terraces set in a private landscaped park. Named for the Prince Regent, the land had been part of the Crown Estate since 1539. While details of Nash's plan were much modified, the overall conception was, and remains, his. Although some areas remain in separate ownership, part of the park was opened to the public in 1835 and today the majority of the park is accessible. During WWI part of the park was temporarily requisitioned by the Ministry of Defence for a military camp and drill ground. The main landscape feature is the curving lake in the south-west quarter; the English Garden laid out in 1865 and Queen Mary's Rose Garden laid out in 1932. The Zoological Gardens were established in the north of the park in 1827-40.
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* on The National Heritage List for England, Parks & Gardens
Regent's University London was formerly occupied by Bedford College, set up in the mid C19th for the higher education of women, which moved to South Villa in Regent's Park in 1908, when new buildings were erected. It continued as such until the 1990s when Regent's College took over the site and mainly ran business courses for foreign nationals. In 2013 the college was awarded university status and it is now Regent's University London. Bedford College had an interesting botany garden, which had included rare specimens, but it was landscaped over when Bedford College left the site. The former botanic garden has since been nurtured as a 'secret garden' as part of the landscape work undertaken in the grounds. The gardens include a sub-tropical rockery by the lake near what may be an old police 'lock-up'; a conservatory garden, open lawns, fine mature trees, and an oriental-themed garden 'room'. Two students from the US who died in the Lockerbie plane crash are commemorated with trees in the gardens.
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* on The National Heritage List for England, Parks & Gardens
Richmond Park has a long history and may have first been used for hunting in the C14th when it was in the Manor of Sheen. It became a royal deer park after Henry VII built his palace at Sheen, naming it Richmond after his lands in Yorkshire. Initially called New Park, it was enclosed by Charles I who first permitted pedestrian access via ladder stiles in compensation for loss of use of the land by local people. Apart from a period after the Civil War it remained in royal ownership until 1910. When Lord Orford became Ranger in the reign of George II, he and his father Sir Robert Walpole began to improve it, building the lodges to control access. The next Ranger Princess Amelia also attempted to disbar the public, but the rights of public access were upheld in law although it was not until 1850 that carriages were allowed access. During the C20th various recreational facilities have been created including 2 golf courses, sports pitches and a polo field.
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* on The National Heritage List for England, Parks & Gardens
The Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew were established as a botanic garden in the C18th, but the royal connection dates from the time of the new Palace of Sheen created in the C15th under Henry V and VI, renamed Richmond Palace. The Richmond Lodge estate was later given by George II to Queen Caroline, who improved the gardens. It became a favourite royal residence, and in c.1802 Kew Palace became the main royal residence and at the same time the gardens of Richmond Lodge and Kew Palace were combined. The botanical collection developed particularly as a result of Sir Joseph Banks' advice to George III and in 1841 it was taken over by the estate, by which time visitors were already admitted. From then the gardens were enlarged under Sir William Hooker, and re-landscaped by William Nesfield, and have continued to develop. On 3 July 2003 the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew was officially inscribed on the list of World Heritage Sites by UNESCO.